DeXtEr 1 i.
a. Single and free living e.g Amoeba
b. As a filament e.g Spirogyra
c. As a colony e.g Volvox
d. As part of living organism e.g tissue

ii.
a. It serves as the energy producing centre or house for the cell .power house
b. It is the food producing point of the plant cell .it is also called cell kitchen

iii.
osmosis involves movement of water molecules or solvent from the region of lower concentration of solute to the
region of higher concentration of solute through semi permeable membrane but diffusion involves the movement of liquid or gas molecule from a region of
higher concentration to the region of lower concentration until they
are evenly distributed

iv.
macro elements= calcium, magnesium,
nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,
sulphur,iron
micro elements= Boron,colbalt ,copper ,Iodine ,Zinc,magnese , molybdenum

v
a. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen while anaerobic respiration
does not require oxygen
b. Aerobic respiration occurs in most cells while anaerobic respiration occurs in prokaryotes
c. Aerobic respiration has complete combustion while anaerobic
respiration has incomplete combustion .

vi
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

vii.
a. Axial skeleton
b. Appendicular skeleton

viii.
a. Evidence from embryology
b. Biochemistry

ix. it is used for shearing flesh and bone in a scissor

x.
a. pepsin
b. rennin

xi RED BLOOD CELL
a. It transports oxygen throughout the body
b. It gives blood its reddish colour

xi. BLOOD PLATELETS
a. It works alongside with coagulation factors to
stop bleaching
b. They are fragments of cytoplasm which are derived from the megakaryocytes of the bone marrow, and then
enter the circulation.

xii. FLATWORMS
flame cells

xii. EARTHWORMS
Nephridia

xiii.
a. sea level right along the shore
b. savannas

xiv
a. poverty
b. conflict
c. natural disasters
d. lack of investment in Agriculture

xv.
a. X- chromosome i.e autosome
b. Y – chromose i.e

2a. i. Euglena viridis
ii.
i. Flagellum
ii. Gullet
iii. Eye spot or stigma
iv. Paramylum granule
v. Chloroplast
vi. Nucleus
vii. Cytoplasm
viii. Pellicle
ix. Ectoplasm
x. Contractile vacuole

iii.
plant – like features are ; 5- chloroplast
and 4 – paramylum granule.
Animal – like features : 1 – flagellum and 10 – contractile vacuole

2b. Animal move around with the help of flagellum and detect light rays by the use of eye – spot .it has 2 ways of
feeding the presence of chloroplast enables it to produce the food itself
by the help of sunlight

3a. FOOD CHAIN
i. Man ------>Tilapia ------>Fishfry------
>Tadpole------
>Algae

ii. A pyramid number
Man 3
Tilapia fish 1000
Fishfry 5000
Tadpole 10,000
Algae 100,000
iii. Aquatic habitat
iv. i. primary consumer ---Tadpole
ii. Secondary consumer –fishfry
iii. Producer – Algae

Bi. A--- Margina placenta
B----Axial placentation
ii. A--- Beam plant
B ---- citrus plant

4a. Experiment to test for presence of starch in green leave
4b.
i. Cotton wool
ii. Alcohol
iii. Plant leave
iv. Boiling water
v. Wire – gauge
vi. Tripod stand
vii. Bursen burner
viii. Flame
ix. Beaker
x. Test tube

c. The detarched leave is boiled inside boiling alcohol to de-starch ,rinse in cold water .it will be displaced a white tile .
Iodine solution is put on the leaf in drops, and the leaf will seems turning blue black showing starch is present.

d. i. to kill the photoplasm and remove the starch the grain
ii. To expose the leave tissue for proper reaction

5a.
i. Internal structure of mammalian Heart.
ii.
i. Pulmonary artery
ii. Pulmonary trunck
iii. Left atrium
iv. Mitral valve
v. Left ventricle
vi. Septum
vii. Right ventricle
viii. Tricuspid valve
ix. Right coronary artery
x. Right atrium
xi. Pulmonary valve
xii. Aorta
iii.
ix---- carries blood to and away the tissue of the heart muscle itself
xi--- controls blood flow out of the heart and prevent back flow into the left ventricle
b.
i. it has receives the blood at very high pressure and has to sent it out to all parts of the body with high pressure.
ii. cardiac muscle
iii i.to transfer digested food and oxygen to parts
of the body that needed it
ii. It protects body against infection by acting as
antigen iii.i
vitamin K
II.
i.It helps in drainage of the fluid blood stream into
tissue ii.Raises an immune reaction and fight infection.